The underlying mechanism of prodromal PD: insights from the parasympathetic nervous system and the olfactory system
Identifieur interne : 000005 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000004; suivant : 000006The underlying mechanism of prodromal PD: insights from the parasympathetic nervous system and the olfactory system
Auteurs : Shu-Ying Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Piu Chan [République populaire de Chine] ; A. Jon StoesslSource :
- Translational Neurodegeneration [ 2047-9158 ] ; 2017.
Abstract
Neurodegeneration of Parkinson’s disease (PD) starts in an insidious manner, 30–50% of dopaminergic neurons have been lost in the substantia nigra before clinical diagnosis. Prodromal stage of the disease, during which the disease pathology has started but is insufficient to result in clinical manifestations, offers a valuable window for disease-modifying therapies. The most focused underlying mechanisms linking the pathological pattern and clinical characteristics of prodromal PD are the prion hypothesis of alpha-synuclein and the selective vulnerability of neurons. In this review, we consider the two potential portals, the vagus nerve and the olfactory bulb, through which abnormal alpha-synuclein can access the brain. We review the clinical, pathological and neuroimaging evidence of the parasympathetic nervous system and the olfactory system in the neurodegenerative process and using the two systems as models to discuss the internal homogeneity and heterogeneity of the prodromal stage of PD, including both the clustering and subtyping of symptoms and signs. Finally, we offer some suggestions on future directions for imaging studies in prodromal Parkinson’s disease.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/s40035-017-0074-8
PubMed: 28239455
PubMed Central: 5319081
Affiliations:
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Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson’s Disease, Parkinson Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100051 China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson’s Disease, Parkinson Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff3"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0384 4428</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.417243.7</institution-id><institution></institution><institution>Pacific Parkinson’s Research Centre, Division of Neurology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health,</institution></institution-wrap>Vancouver, V6T 1Z3 BC Canada</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">V6T 1Z3 BC Canada</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Chan, Piu" sort="Chan, Piu" uniqKey="Chan P" first="Piu" last="Chan">Piu Chan</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="Aff1"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0632 3337</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.413259.8</institution-id><institution>Department of Neurobiology, Neurology and Geriatrics,</institution><institution>Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University,</institution></institution-wrap>Beijing, 100051 China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Beijing</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:aff id="Aff2">Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson’s Disease, Parkinson Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100051 China</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>Beijing Key Laboratory on Parkinson’s Disease, Parkinson Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Stoessl, A Jon" sort="Stoessl, A Jon" uniqKey="Stoessl A" first="A. Jon" last="Stoessl">A. Jon Stoessl</name><affiliation><nlm:aff id="Aff3"><institution-wrap><institution-id institution-id-type="ISNI">0000 0004 0384 4428</institution-id><institution-id institution-id-type="GRID">grid.417243.7</institution-id><institution></institution><institution>Pacific Parkinson’s Research Centre, Division of Neurology and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, University of British Columbia and Vancouver Coastal Health,</institution></institution-wrap>Vancouver, V6T 1Z3 BC Canada</nlm:aff><wicri:noCountry code="subfield">V6T 1Z3 BC Canada</wicri:noCountry></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Translational Neurodegeneration</title><idno type="eISSN">2047-9158</idno><imprint><date when="2017">2017</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><p>Neurodegeneration of Parkinson’s disease (PD) starts in an insidious manner, 30–50% of dopaminergic neurons have been lost in the substantia nigra before clinical diagnosis. Prodromal stage of the disease, during which the disease pathology has started but is insufficient to result in clinical manifestations, offers a valuable window for disease-modifying therapies. The most focused underlying mechanisms linking the pathological pattern and clinical characteristics of prodromal PD are the prion hypothesis of alpha-synuclein and the selective vulnerability of neurons. In this review, we consider the two potential portals, the vagus nerve and the olfactory bulb, through which abnormal alpha-synuclein can access the brain. We review the clinical, pathological and neuroimaging evidence of the parasympathetic nervous system and the olfactory system in the neurodegenerative process and using the two systems as models to discuss the internal homogeneity and heterogeneity of the prodromal stage of PD, including both the clustering and subtyping of symptoms and signs. Finally, we offer some suggestions on future directions for imaging studies in prodromal Parkinson’s disease.</p></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Postuma, Rb" uniqKey="Postuma R">RB Postuma</name></author><author><name sortKey="Berg, D" uniqKey="Berg D">D Berg</name></author><author><name sortKey="Stern, M" uniqKey="Stern M">M Stern</name></author><author><name sortKey="Poewe, W" uniqKey="Poewe W">W Poewe</name></author><author><name sortKey="Olanow, Cw" uniqKey="Olanow C">CW Olanow</name></author><author><name sortKey="Oertel, W" uniqKey="Oertel W">W Oertel</name></author><author><name sortKey="Obeso, J" uniqKey="Obeso J">J Obeso</name></author><author><name sortKey="Marek, K" uniqKey="Marek K">K Marek</name></author><author><name sortKey="Litvan, I" uniqKey="Litvan I">I Litvan</name></author><author><name sortKey="Lang, Ae" uniqKey="Lang A">AE 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Raymond</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mejia Santana, H" uniqKey="Mejia Santana H">H Mejia-Santana</name></author><author><name sortKey="Doan, N" uniqKey="Doan N">N Doan</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Aguirre Mardones, C" uniqKey="Aguirre Mardones C">C Aguirre-Mardones</name></author><author><name sortKey="Iranzo, A" uniqKey="Iranzo A">A Iranzo</name></author><author><name sortKey="Vilas, D" uniqKey="Vilas D">D Vilas</name></author><author><name sortKey="Serradell, M" uniqKey="Serradell M">M Serradell</name></author><author><name sortKey="Gaig, C" uniqKey="Gaig C">C Gaig</name></author><author><name sortKey="Santamaria, J" uniqKey="Santamaria J">J Santamaria</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tolosa, E" uniqKey="Tolosa E">E Tolosa</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Sakakibara, R" uniqKey="Sakakibara R">R Sakakibara</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tateno, F" uniqKey="Tateno F">F Tateno</name></author><author><name sortKey="Kishi, M" uniqKey="Kishi M">M Kishi</name></author><author><name sortKey="Tsuyusaki, Y" uniqKey="Tsuyusaki Y">Y Tsuyusaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Terada, H" uniqKey="Terada H">H Terada</name></author><author><name sortKey="Inaoka, T" uniqKey="Inaoka T">T Inaoka</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Vermeiren, Y" uniqKey="Vermeiren Y">Y Vermeiren</name></author><author><name sortKey="De Deyn, Pp" uniqKey="De Deyn P">PP De Deyn</name></author></analytic></biblStruct></listBibl></div1></back></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>République populaire de Chine</li></country><settlement><li>Pékin</li></settlement></list><tree><noCountry><name sortKey="Stoessl, A Jon" sort="Stoessl, A Jon" uniqKey="Stoessl A" first="A. Jon" last="Stoessl">A. Jon Stoessl</name></noCountry><country name="République populaire de Chine"><noRegion><name sortKey="Liu, Shu Ying" sort="Liu, Shu Ying" uniqKey="Liu S" first="Shu-Ying" last="Liu">Shu-Ying Liu</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Chan, Piu" sort="Chan, Piu" uniqKey="Chan P" first="Piu" last="Chan">Piu Chan</name><name sortKey="Chan, Piu" sort="Chan, Piu" uniqKey="Chan P" first="Piu" last="Chan">Piu Chan</name><name sortKey="Liu, Shu Ying" sort="Liu, Shu Ying" uniqKey="Liu S" first="Shu-Ying" last="Liu">Shu-Ying Liu</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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